The Social Effects of Digital Technology :: Technology

Presentation: Computerized innovation was acquainted thanks with various mechanical upgrades, which have created and changed society. True to form Postman (1992), â€Å"a new innovation doesn't include or take away something. It changes everything.† Digital innovation is fundamentally any product utilizing or dependent on the paired code, a coding framework utilizing the double digits 0 and 1 to speak to a letter, digit, or character in a PC or some other electronic gadget. The two families and organizations utilize this innovation for different purposes, for example, amusement, profitability, correspondence, and so forth. To characterize the real advantages and negative effects of computerized innovation, it first should be comprehended that this innovation is for the most part a stage, on which have developed various advancements. Computerized innovation is generally known for furnishing society with PCs and the Worldwide Web. President Clinton, in 1996 during his declaration of the activ ity to take Internet to the Next Generation amusingly stated, â€Å"When I got to work, just high vitality physicists had ever known about what is known as the Worldwide Web†¦ Now, even my feline has its own page.† On the other hand, what was, until late days, less promoted were the negative impacts that computerized innovation has had on society and humanity since it’s monstrous usage. What is initiated by this innovation, and in particular, what are the genuine advantages and impacts of computerized innovation? Negative Effect: A- An examination done at the college of Maryland reports the addictive capability of new digitalized advancements (Ipods, cellphones, PCs). Understudies who surrendered all type of innovation for 24 hours revealed sentiments of â€Å"withdrawal and anxiety†, as indicated by a publication in the Seattle Times. Amiability issues just as an inclination towards separation were seen in the tried gathering. What's more, what is considered considerably additionally distracting is the â€Å"potential impact so much innovation may have on how youngsters develop† (Seattle Times). An examination done by Commonsense Media, found that â€Å"52 percent of youngsters ages 5 to 8 years of age have approached a cell phone, while 39 percent of 2 to 4-year-olds and 10 percent of zero to 1-year-olds have had access.† Another exploration, done by The Kaiser Family Foundation, reports that â€Å"children matured 8 to 18 go through in normal 7 hours and 38 minutes utilizing media de vices†. An inordinate utilization of present day advanced medias is professed to prompt a stationary method of life, less an ideal opportunity for social cooperations, and increasingly more inside kids, corpulence.

Panda Express free essay sample

Harvest time Gold English 101 Evaluation Panda Express Price; quality; and amount; those are the three principle segments one should search for in a better than average spot to eat. In today’s economy, with the measure of cash we pay for food, we need enough to fulfill us and merit the cash. Quality is an exclusive expectation in today’s food industry. Clients need to know whether the food they are expending is produced using new and common fixings instead of additives. Amount is an absolute necessity as individuals need a decent measure of item for what they pay for. Buyers don’t need food that will just fill them for 60 minutes; they need food that is a dinner. The main cheap food place that strikes a chord that fits these capabilities is Panda Express. Let’s perceive how it remains with the check list, beginning with cost. With the droop the economy is in today, a great many people can’t bear to burn through $8 dollars on a combo supper that incorporates oily, low quality, cold food. We will compose a custom article test on Panda Express or on the other hand any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Panda Express offers a couple of various alternatives at a sensible cost. For $7, a three-thing feast incorporates a side of rice or chow aura, and three servings of your decision of entrees.Drinks are just $1. 99 for a huge or $2. 75 for your decision of accessible packaged refreshments. Panda Express even offers kids suppers for under $5. Regardless of your circumstance, there are choices that are delectable and moderate. So with the $7 you pay, let’s take a gander at the nature of food being served and on the off chance that you are getting your money’s worth. Presently a-days, the food business is pushing the cutoff points on the measure of new food they cook with and offer to purchasers, depending chiefly on preservatives.Panda Express, despite the fact that they do utilize some enhancing, cooks with new vegetables blended in with premium decision meats. They likewise publicize in their foundations that they don't cook with MSG, otherwise called monosodium glutamate, which is a flavor enhancer. The flavor Panda Express fuses in to their food is common, new, and scrumptious. One client on a Panda Express food audit site composed, â€Å"The food is totally tasty. It isn't just delightful, [but] the introduction is brilliant and is yummy to the eyes just as the tummy.I give this café incredibly good grades for delivering a quality item. † Another reward is that the café is well known, which means the food is sought after. Consequently the food that is as of now out doesn’t have the opportunity to get old and stale. Be that as it may, purchasers don’t simply need extraordinary tasting food in any sum; they need enough to top them off until the opportunity arrives for their next feast. At the point when you request your dinner, the side tops off portion of the plate. At that point, you have the three things as your courses which each take up a fourth of the plate.A burger can be eaten in minutes while a full plate at Panda Express sets aside some effort to eat leaving you with time to appreciate the delightful flavors, newness, and nature of your dinner. You have a plenty of food to browse as your fundamental course. With this measure of food, one supper is ideal for the individuals who do sports and develop enormous hungers, as one model. Also, on the off chance that you can’t finish such food, you have bounty for left-overs. For the modest quantity you pay, you purchase an astounding feast that will top you off for a considerable length of time. For $7, you are purchasing a top notch item.

Hegemony and Ideology

Authority and Ideology The media assumes a critical job in characterizing the world and giving models to proper conduct and mentalities. Philosophy has a connection with ideas, for example, conviction framework, perspective and qualities, however is more extensive in setting. The media is viewed as a road through which dispersal of belief system happens. Henceforth, this is one motivation behind why the media is regularly a subject of political debate.Advertising We will compose a custom exposition test on Hegemony and Ideology explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The media is esteemed a base of social disasters and issues. In his battle field of 2000, President George W. Bramble asserted that school savagery was expected to â€Å"dark cells of wickedness on the internet† (Kornblut and Scales refered to in Croteau Hoynes 2003). Likewise, government officials from over the political domain accused savage computer games for the terrible shootings at Colorado Columbine High School in 1999. The media along these lines is seen to sell the two thoughts and items and this paper will talk about how the media successfully accomplishes this by focusing on philosophy and authority. As appeared by Marx and Frankfurt, philosophy yields positive outcomes by demonstrating that social force is operational by means of the social domain of society. Individuals are assembled into informal communities of persecution and subjection by ideological frameworks (Cottle 2000). Marxists regularly discuss philosophy as a conviction framework utilized by people with significant influence to legitimize their activities however bending and deception of the real world. Media utilizes philosophy as a way to characterize and clarify the world, and make esteem deductions on this world. Philosophy in media doesn't concentrate on explicit exercises appeared in papers, melodies, or motion pictures, rather it is keen on the more extensive framework made up by such exercises. Similarity of pictures and words in a specific media content, contemplations and meanings of social and social issues are crucial in ideological examination (Croteau Hoynes 2003). In spite of the way that broad communications writings are appreciated ideologically as methods for correspondence that have a higher respect for some arrangement of thoughts and not others, an express portrayal of media belief system stays constrained. Authority then again manages transcendent impact of one gathering over different gatherings/group.Advertising Looking for paper on political theories? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Fiske characterized authority as â€Å"exertion of a nation’s ideological and social, as opposed to military or coercive, control over another nation† (Fiske 1998, 310). In contemporary social society, authority is the dynamic methods utilized by a prevailing class to acquire and win the assent of the subordinate class. Belief sy stem is ground-breaking since it is the methods through which predominance of authoritative establishments is picked up. Along these lines, assent ought to be won and re-won on the grounds that fearless people may have elective philosophies that make them insubordinate to authoritative ones. Belief system, accordingly, is indispensable in empowering a decision, authoritative foundations spread the necessary assent for predominance. Media writings are viewed as major destinations to fundamental normal practices. This is on the grounds that they assume a job in portraying proper jobs of people, bosses and their representatives, and guardians and youngsters. By so doing, the media spreads the belief systems overseeing jobs by different sorts of individuals. Belief system is principal in strengthening observations and thoughts in the psyches of the crowds in any case, for it to have the amazing impact of changing these discernments and thoughts, a domineering angle is fundamental. Media crowds characterize their being, and through such methods social outline wins. The U.S. social history specialists: Todd Gitlin and Williams, and British social examinations headed by Stuart Hall, have applied bogus awareness as the foreseen final result of authority. Authority has been regarded as the mastery, through belief system, of the decision class and advancement of famous assent by Antonio Gramsci, an Italian Marxist. Authority is an idea that coordinates influence from the prevailing classes and assent from the commanded classes. It is utilized by Gitlin and different researchers to clarify the procedure of the private enterprises advancement. Gitlins study infers that matchless quality is kept up when those individuals who are answerable for the procedure can without much of a stretch present the clarifications of the subjects viable. The decision class controls ideological space and confines the considering society. The minor/overwhelmed class obliviously participates i n their control as authority turns into a piece of their every day schedules and thoughts (Gitlin 1980).Advertising We will compose a custom article test on Hegemony and Ideology explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More Media locales have become a site where social challenges are organized. This is because of the shifting ideological viewpoints, which are a portrayal of various interests differing in power that makes a sort of contention and battles inside media writings. Authority isn't about ideological mastery; rather, it works by utilizing good judgment while making suspicions on public activity and landscape of things acknowledged as characteristic, or customary. Gramsci says that by forming judicious presumptions, compelling standard is accomplished (1971). Presence of mind is the way that individuals consider and see things without the need of basic assessment. A young lady watches a sitcom on TV each night. The characters on this program, her preferred show, ar e youthful, meager, Caucasian, and appealing. She is additionally youthful, appealing, and Caucasian; watching the program illuminates and strengthens her impression of her effective appearance, her feeling of having a place, and her way of life as a component of her age (Gray 2005). A great many people don't know about how introductions of TV are created. The choice by customers on any program and notice is impacted by different gatherings and foundations. As indicated by Marxist scholars, such gatherings and establishments are esteemed to have force and benefit. Belief system is helpful in understanding contemporary media since it centers around similarity of domineering philosophy with individual or cultural philosophies. Be that as it may, authority is increasingly valuable since it has a powerful job that convinces the crowd subsequently making predominance. The capacity of the media’s domineering philosophy to impact the belief system of an individual prompts subjection . Something else, authority alone isn't sufficient to wage subjection on the grounds that through authoritative belief system, the overwhelmed class takes part in its control without acknowledging it. In the extract given over, the capacity of the media to shape and fortify the belief system of the young lady makes a sort of subjection to the program. As per Althusser, belief system is the connection between nonexistent deduction with genuine presence: material presence (Althusser 1969, 296). Stuart Hall is one of the contemporary social and media pundit established in Althusserian structure of philosophy, and accepts that crowds will acknowledge a few thoughts and reject others relying upon their individual contrasts, specific convictions and social conditions (Hall 2001).Advertising Searching for paper on political theories? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More Lobby normally forms this situation in his encoding-unraveling typology that hypothesizes the encoding of messages with their extraordinary implications by the sender, and the translating of these messages by the crowds (2001). The crowds acknowledge a portion of these implications, grow new implications, and reject a portion of the ideal implications. Postmodern Marxists grasp Gramscian authority portrayed by influence of people and social classes to acknowledge social qualities and standards of an exploitative framework (Gramsci 1971). In the contemporary social world, there are clashing belief systems as referenced before on. Subsequently, authority comes in and assumes a fundamental job in impacting the choice of the crowd. Gramsci portrays authority as a type of social force that is subject to voluntarism and willing cooperation and is viewed as presence of mind that oversees people’s comprehension of the world (Gramsci 1971, 333). Combination of authority in belief syste m is the thing that characterizes and assists with understanding contemporary media. People, who are admirers of sentimental books and movies, start viewing the film in light of their specific philosophies, however toward the finish of the novel or film, their belief systems become impacted and changed through authority. In an account of â€Å"I Followed My Dream† (True Romance 1980 refered to in Williams 1977), the authority of male centric society impacts and changes the women's activist thoughts of a young lady. The character in this story has women's activist thoughts that manage her reasoning. She doesn't expect to get hitched to a Chauvinist, who will simply see her as a hireling. In any case, she begins to look all starry eyed and really performs wifely obligations as expected of her. This story is persuasive to the crowd, and means that domineering philosophy. The principle hypothetical idea that oversees contemporary belief system of media is authority. Authority inc ludes culture, force and philosophy. The media is seen to have a ground-breaking authority over the crowd therefore making them less free. Opportunity of the press, which is driving trademark in practically all media stations, ought to be comprehended to mean ‘power of the press’. The media has had a ground-breaking persuasive job on the crowds. A few cases remember the ascent of patriotism for Serbia (Meeuwis 1993), instigating ethnic disdain in Rwanda and South Africa, just as setting off the post-political decision brutality in Kenya. Regardless of the way that the media portrays different belief systems, authority is basic in contemporary media to the extent power, predominance an

Set up Your Elementary School Classroom for the First Day of School

Set up Your Elementary School Classroom for the First Day of School With the beginning of each school year, educators get a new opportunity to organize their homerooms for another gathering of understudies. Each decision you make makes an impression on your understudies, their folks, and any individual who visits your study hall. Through furnishings, books, learning stations, and even work area position, you convey the qualities and needs of your group. Follow these means to intentionally boost the association and effectiveness of your study hall set-up. What You Need Study hall furniture (work areas, seats, shelves, etc.)Textbooks and perusing books for the class libraryPosterboard for sharing class rules and other key informationAn letters in order/penmanship banner for simple understudy referenceMaterials for designing announcement sheets (butcher paper, kick the bucket cut letters, etc.)School supplies (paper, pencils, dry delete markers, erasers, scissors, and more)Optional: Computers,â class pets,â plants, games 1. Conclude How to Place Student Desks In the event that you will underscore helpful learning regularly, youll presumably need to move the understudy work areas into bunches for simple conversation and joint effort. On the off chance that you need to limit interruptions and visiting, consider isolating every work area from the one close to it, leaving a little cushion space to demoralize misconduct. You could likewise put the work areas in columns or semi-circles. Whatever you pick, work with the room and materials you have, leaving a lot of passageway space for you and the understudies to move around effortlessly. 2. Deliberately Place the Teachers Desk A few instructors utilize their work areas as a headquarters station, while others use it fundamentally as a paper heap store and seldom plunk down to work there. Contingent upon how your work area works as a major aspect of your showing style, pick a spot where your work area will address your issues. On the off chance that its extremely chaotic, consider putting it in a less prominent spot. 3. Figure out What Belongs in advance Since understudies go through the vast majority of their days confronting the front of the study hall, be purposeful about what you place on the dividers in advance. Maybe you need to underscore discipline by setting the class manages on an unmistakable release board. Or on the other hand perhaps theres a day by day learning action that requires simple to-see space that all understudies can see. Make this prime time space connecting with, yet not diverting. All things considered, everyone's eyes ought to be on you, not really a beautiful blast of words and pictures that occupy from the center guidance nearby. 4. Compose Your Class Library Much the same as an open library, your study hall book assortment ought to be composed in a consistent way that will be simple for the understudies to keep up all through the school year. This could mean arranging the books by kind, understanding level, in sequential order request, or other models. Marked plastic containers function admirably for this. Additionally consider giving a little open to perusing space for understudies to relax with their books during quiet understanding time. This could mean some intriguing bean sack seats or a committed understanding mat. 5. Put In a safe spot Space for Your Discipline Plan Its insightful to post your class manages in a noticeable spot for all to see every day of the school year. That way, theres no open door for contention, miscommunication, or uncertainty. In the event that you have a sign-in book or flip diagram for rule guilty parties, set up a station for this movement. In a perfect world it ought to be in an off the beaten path spot where inquisitive understudy eyes cant effectively gaze generally speaking breaking understudy signs in, flips the card, or in any case does their repentance. 6. Plan for Student Needsâ Ensure essential school supplies are deliberately positioned for simple understudy get to. This may incorporate different kinds of composing paper, honed pencils, markers, erasers, number crunchers, rulers, scissors, and paste. Compose these materials in one unmistakably depicted piece of the study hall. 7. Characterize the Role Technology Plays in Your Classroom Situation of your PC place imparts the job innovation plays in your instructing. In the event that you focus on an increasingly customary way to deal with guidance with innovation as an intermittent commendation, the PCs likely have a place in the rear of the room or a comfortable corner. On the off chance that you coordinate innovation into the greater part of the exercises, you should blend the PCs in all through the room so theyre effectively available. This is an individual decision dependent on your convictions about educating in the 21st Century in blend with how accessible innovation is on your grounds. 8. Communicate Through Bulletin Boards Pretty much every primary school study hall has notice sheets on the dividers, requiring topics, showcases, and standard pivot. Consider assigning a couple of release loads up as regular, and consequently center around keeping those loads up convenient and applicable to current occasions, instructional units, or class exercises. Make it simple on yourself by keeping most of the announcement sheets evergreen and steady all through the school year. 9. Sprinkle in Some Fun Stuff Primary school is fundamentally about learning, without a doubt. Be that as it may, its likewise a period for no particular reason individual contacts that your understudies will recollect for a lifetime. Consider having a class pet and make space for pens, food, and other required materials. On the off chance that a pets not your style, place a couple of houseplants around the space to include life and a pinch of nature. Make a game community for instructive exercises that understudies can utilize when gotten done with their work. Pop a couple individual photographs from home around your work area to communicate your inclinations and character. A tad of fun goes far. 10. Limit Clutter and Maximize Functionality Prior to your new understudies (and their folks) enter the study hall on the main day of school, investigate your study hall with open-minded perspectives. Are there any little heaps that could be placed into a pantry to clean up? Does each piece of the room serve a reasonable, utilitarian reason? What messages would you say you are sending with your study halls in general appearance from the start? Make changes as vital. Look at your associates study halls Visit the homerooms of different instructors on your grounds for thoughts and motivation. Converse with them concerning why they settled on certain authoritative choices. Gain from their mix-ups, and dont be bashful about duplicating any splendid thoughts that will work with your showing style and assets. Correspondingly, dont feel constrained to embrace any perspectives that arent a solid match for your character or approach. As a signal of appreciation, share your very own couple best tips with your partners. We as a whole gain from one another in this calling. Find some kind of harmony A grade school homeroom ought to be connecting with, brilliant, and expressive. In any case, dont go over the edge and end up additional towards the overstimulating end of the range. Your study hall should extend a feeling of quiet, association, and positive vitality, just as an earnestness about learning. On the off chance that you look around your room and feel overpowered by a lot of shading or an excessive number of central focuses, your understudies will feel dispersed, as well. Discover a harmony among disorganized and unmistakable. Focus on lively, however engaged. Your understudies will feel the distinction every day they stroll into the room. Dont be reluctant to make changes whenever When your school year gets in progress, you may locate that specific parts of your study hall set-up arent working a remarkable way you at first imagined. No concerns! Simply kill any parts that currently appear to be old. Include the new functionalities you currently realize you need. Quickly acquaint the progressions with your understudies, if vital. Now and again, reexamine with a functional, adaptable mentality, and your study hall will be an energetic, sorted out spot for learning throughout the entire year.

Israel-Palestine Conflict Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Israel-Palestine Conflict - Essay Example Consequently, religion in its sense serves the job of energizing masses into considering together with their pioneers (like Fatah) while disturbing holds fast to what its rules directs, which is very untrue1. Policy centered issues have portrayed this contention however pioneers attempt to slant on religion to accomplish their objectives, which is clear on account of Hamas who regardless of winning legitimately interior authorities expected different stands. This infers religion for this situation incorporates pulling masses’ support yet at the top its simply legislative issues that will keep on deadening the state’s undertakings. I concur with you in belligerence if the locale wants harmony should back Hamas for the universal network to have a legitimate stage to mediate. I concur with you the contention that portrays Israel-Palestinians sharp relationship its premise isn't absolutely religion yet instigators slope to accusing it refering to as the wellspring of contra sts between the different sides. They use doctrine as a substitute into undertaking their insidious activities, which is additionally obvious all inclusive in type of noxious assaults. In any case, instigators of these contentions are just out to understand their political advantages yet dupe the majority into regarding religion is the key explanation and should ensure it regardless of whether it suggests kicking the bucket simultaneously.

Book Riots Deals of the Day for February 4, 2020

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Comparison of Research Articles on Heart Diseases in USA - 1100 Words

Comparison of Research Articles on Heart Diseases in USA (Coursework Sample) Content: Comparison of Research Articles on Heart diseases in USANameCourseTutorCollegeDateThe articles compared in this research paper are; * Disparities in Temporal and Geographic Patterns of Declining Heart Disease Mortality by Race and Sex in the United States, * Factors Related to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Reduction in Midlife and Older Women: A Qualitative Study.Articles analysisContentThe first article on the factors related to cardiovascular disease risk reduction in midlife and older women. The articles present a clear understanding of the awareness of the cardiovascular in women and the other mentioned aspects in a clear and understandable manner. The article starts with an abstract, followed by an introductory party that informs about cardiovascular disease, method section that details the instruments used in data collection. The research then presents the results giving clear and concise description of the findings in a prose form. Lastly the article discusses th e results of the article in a manner that meet its objectives. The article mostly relies on primary data in arriving at its finding but it also incorporates secondary sources.The second article which covers the Disparities in Temporal and Geographic Patterns of Declining Heart Disease Mortality by Race and Sex in the United States have a similar research outline like that earlier discussed article. The article however has employed the use of tables, figures, graphs and charts in the methods used to collect data and the presentation of the results. Use of tables, figure, chart and graphs makes an article more realistic and reliable as well as improving the presentation data and results. In particular the article relied on secondary sources in generating its findings and results.Research methodsThe article on cardiovascular disease employs a qualitative method in conducting the research. A qualitative technique according to Venkatesh, Brown, Bala (2013) is an exploratory research mai nly used to understand the reasons, motivations and opinions behind a phenomena. The cardiovascular disease articles seek to establish the knowledge of women on the awareness of the CDV, the barriers among the study group that prevent them from healthy eating and participation in physical activities. The research uses focus groups, interview and observation to collect the required data. On the other hand, the article on disparities approaches the study with a quantitative method. This is a method that is used in quantifying the research problem into numerical data that can be changed and presented in the form of meaningful statistics (Bernard, 2011). The article has used paper survey and a longitudinal study to collect the information that informs its findings.Focus of the study.Article on the CDV focuses on the level of knowledge and awareness that women have on Cardiovascular Disease, threat perceived to be associated to Cardiovascular Disease, possible barriers to heart-healthy e ating approaches and physical activity, and intervention strategies for behavior change. Disparities in Temporal and Geographic Patterns of Declining Heart Disease focuses on identifying and describing temporal trends in the way heart disease mortality decline within the county level in the U.S.A by sex, geography and race from 1973 to 2010.Target audiences and subjectsArticle on CDV mostly targets the health organizations, health researchers and health institutions that deal with cardiovascular diseases prevention and treatment. The subject of this article were white American women aged 40 years or above. The article on disparities target the health researchers, health organizations like the World Health Organization and health institutions to inform them on the influence of geography, sex and race on the trend of heart disease decline.Possible impacts on the future of health care delivery.CDV article will assist organizations and bodies that deal with prevention and treatment of C DV know how to approach the specific womenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬s age group of 40 years and above with regard to CDV. The study has also shed light on the perceived threat, barriers to healthy eating. This will assist subjects to improve on the issues that prevented them from living a healthy life. The study can also be used as a basis for further research on the topic.On the article focusing on decline in the heart disease disparity, the study plays a critical role in assisting the health organization to understand the influence of the considered factors in declining the heart disease. This information will improve health service provided in the treatment and control of the disease. The public is also aware of how the factors help them to recover ad resist heart disease.Table comparing the two articles Articles Differences/ similarities Cardiovascular Disease Disparities on Heart disease decline Content Primary data presented in prose form Secondary data presented in both prose and numerical forms Research methods Qualitative Quantitative Focus of the study Establishment of CDV awareness, barriers to health eating physical activities. Influence of geographical factors, sex and race on heart disease decline. Target Audience Health organizations, researchers and institutions that deal with cardiovascular diseases prevention and treatment Health researchers, organizations like WHO and health institutions Subjects White American women aged 40 years or above Americans in different geographical regions, sex and race The topic chosen in this paper is the heart disease in the United States. The decision to arrive at the topic has been informed of the rate of fatality of diseases related to heart complications in the United States of America. According to Centre for Disease and Control and Prevention, Heart disease is the primary cause of demise of women and men in America. Approximately 610,000 people die in the United States annually, among this number one death in every four is caused by heart diseases. For instance, in 2009 more than 50% of deaths in America were caused by heart related disease.The selected studies are important not only to United States of America, but globally because heart diseases have been identified as the major cause of deaths in the developed countries. The problem is common in the developed countries because their consumption problem has shifted from malnutrition problem witnessed in the developing countries to problem of over consumption. However, the developing countries will soon be faced with the same problem as they also shift from malnutrition problems to over consumption problems.The studies have provided essential information to members of public researchers, health institutions and policy makers in the government. In particular, the studies provided knowledge on the level of awareness for white American women aged 40 years and above, barriers to healthy eating and physical activities and the perceived risk of CDV. Add itionally, the studies provide knowledge on how geographical differences, sex and race influence the decline rate of heart disease in various regions in the United States.The articles have received funding from different sources, the article on the cardiovascular disease has received funding from a research gran...

Why Should I Read Essay - 801 Words

Why Should I Read? â€Å"Reading a book is like re-writing it for yourself.... You bring to a novel, anything you read, all your experience of the world. You bring your history and you read it in your own terms.† Angela Carter (1940–1992), British author. Why read? Why should I read the book before it comes out in cinema? Why is settling down with a good book better then sitting on the couch watching The Simpson’s reruns? I have often pondered the merits of reading, but you don’t realise the advantages until you actually begin reading. Until I unlocked my first real book I couldn’t have dreamed of the wonders and marvels that it opens to you. It’s just that when you do read you discover how exquisite the delights of reading are.†¦show more content†¦With a book to aid the imagination, a person can go anywhere. They can be marooned on a desert island where normal boys change to savage beasts in Lord of the Flies, they can become Hannibal lector’s next victim or even have a romance with the arrogant Mr. Darcy in Pride and Prejudice. Books hold vast amounts of knowledge. In every book, there is something to learn. Biographies and Diaries can give us accounts of the Second World War, the sinking of the Titanic, the truth behind celebrities while history books teach us not to make the same mistakes twice. Children should be encouraged to read from a young age, it helps them with spelling and grammar. It cultivates their young minds and helps them to believe anything is possible. In 1966 Margaret Craig McNamara founded Reading Is Fundamental after discovering that the children she volunteered to tutor in Washington, D.C., owned no or few books. It develops and delivers childrens and family literacy programs that help prepare young children for reading and motivate school-age children to read regularly. Last year, RIF celebrated its 35th anniversary and the milestone of placing more than 200 million books in the hands and homes of children most at risk of educational failure. Books are a free pastime and can help to escape from reality. Unlike going to the cinema where people spend a lot of money to see films such as Lord of the Rings, Harry Potter, Red Dragon all of which are basedShow MoreRelatedEssay about Critique on I Know Why the Caged Bird Cannot Read946 Words   |  4 PagesIn Francine Prose’s â€Å"I Know Why the Caged Bird Cannot Read: How American High School Students Learn to Loathe Literature†, the author is trying to explain why high school students are not asked to read more quality pieces of literature now a days. In my opinion I agree with Prose because I think the texts we read in high school are not challenging and not a lot of students enjoy the readings because they cannot relate. Prose uses the rhetorical strategy of degrading the books high school studentsRead MoreNineteen Reasons Why By Jay Asher1710 Words   |  7 Pagesand relatable form. Thirteen Reasons Why, written by Jay Asher, is a novel about a teenager that leaves tapes behind with recordings of her own voice that exp lains why she took her own life. Jay Asher dropped out of college to pursue a writing career, he had a total of eleven manuscripts submitted to publishers which ended up all being rejected. He soon worked as an assistant children’s librarian and as a bookseller, he got inspired to write Thirteen Reasons Why from a lot of young adult fiction novelsRead MoreA Coyote Columbus Story By King871 Words   |  4 Pages Recently, I read a story of â€Å"A Coyote Columbus Story† by King. The story included history, the discovery of island by Columbus. However, this was written in different point of view, not similar to general history books. He was described as an invader from the other island, rather than a hero who explored the new land. From First nation people’s eyes, Columbus must have been a foreigner who stole everything from their land. His characteristic was told to be rude and disrespectful. Why does it containRead MoreAnalysis Of Stephen Chbosky s The Catcher Rye And F. Scott Fitzgerald And Tennessee Williams1460 Words   |  6 Pagesalso wrote a summary on why Stephen s book states that, â€Å" Chbosky only wrote one book that was shunned from public schools†(Banned 8). After reading Erin s banned book summary she stated why she felt the book should be banned. She believed that Stephen s use of sex was unnecessarily for children to read, but she did believe that hi gh school student should be allowed to read the book in school. She also stated â€Å" I believe that the book The Perks of Being a Wallflower should be banned in schools suchRead MoreShould We Force Children to Read?976 Words   |  4 Pagesconsoles; their few forgotten books they once loved are gathering dust in the corner. But why are children so reluctant to read? Yes there are many other distractions, but there comes a time when the games are completed, the televisions shows are watched and the internet is down. Do kids turn to books then? For the majority the answer is no. Some may argue it is because they are lazy. I do not believe this to be the case. I believe children feel reading is too hard, so they simply don’t do it in their spareRead MoreReflection About Reading In English765 Words   |  4 PagesThe reason why I chose this class is I would like to write graduation thesis in English. I have some difficulties as an English speaker, as a university student in U.S. because of three reasons. Firstly, I thought that there were many differences between writing in Japanese and writing in English for me. I could not understand why I could not write what I want to write in English, why I cannot find what I want to write in English. Secondly, I did not know the way to writing in English as I write inRead MoreArguments Made in Take the Tortillas Out of Your Poetry Essay1228 Words   |  5 PagesArguments Made In Take The Tortillas Out Of Your Poetry Even though the cultural and veiled censorships have to do with why they wont let his book be read, he talks about why he wrote the novel, that it was a reflection of his childhood, and that censors only paid attention to one detail and that was the so-called bad words in Spanish and they used that as an excuse because the novel did not meet the criteria of the circumstances. The censors used a technique where they zoomed in on one detailRead MoreEdgar Allen Poe, My Hero And This Is Why1487 Words   |  6 Pagesis why. He has been an not so liked person when he was alive and even after death he still isn’t that liked. People only know him as the guy who wrote stories that were creepy. Some people think that he had a lot of problems. Some people thought that he had done drugs and alcohol. One of his qoutes were â€Å"Men have called me mad; but the question is not yet settled, whether madness is or is not the loftiest intelligence†- Edgar Allen Poe (Giordano). I never knew that quote before, but when I readRead MoreThe Importance Of Censorship In Libraries728 Words   |  3 Pagesthe community and the school board. Anyone can challenge a book to be censored, even if it’s not explicit, if you personally take offense to a book you can challenge it to be a censored or banned book, but with that you have to have a valid reason on why you want it banned or censored. There are thousands of books that are considered to be explicit and are banned out of libraries in some schools even if they arent that bad of books, but because of that anyone can challenge a book and the final decisionRead MoreThe Intake Process998 Words   |  4 Pagesseveral key questions, I find it rather shocking it did not ask about homicidal ideations. Are there too many or too few questions? Why or why not? There were to many questions for the client to answer in one sitting. This can have a negative effect on a person who is already anxious about seeking professional assistance. Clients typically become overwhelmed when looking at the questions or, become frustrated when completing a long series of questions. Also the questions should be basic such as â€Å"What

Gandhi vs Genghis Khan - 2439 Words

MAHATMA K. GANDHI VERSUS GENGHIS KHAN Emre Can Petek, International University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo April 9, 2013 ABSTRACT There are so many leaders in this world who shaped the destiny and created a new order for their countries. Two of very popular leaders are Mahatma Gandhi(India) and Genghis Khan(Mongolia). This research makes an analysis of these specific leaders, with focusing on their skills and how they changed the world, the ways they used while they were in charge. This paper will mention their lives also their strong characteristics, what they have in common or different sides of each. Thus, this paper will try to reach to an end whose methods are more proper or which one did better jobs. Key words: Mahatma Gandhi, Genghis†¦show more content†¦It became evident that the British could maintain the empire only at enormous cost. At the end of the Second World War, they saw the writing on the wall, and initiated a number of constitutional moves to effect the transfer of power to the sovereign State of India. For the first and perhaps the only time in history, the power of a mighty global empire on which the sun never set, had been challenged and overcome by the moral might of a people armed only with ideals and courage. The Cabinet Mission sent by the British government proposed for the bifurcation of India along communal lines which Gandhi vehemently protested. But eventually he had to relent and on the eve of independence thousands lost their lives in communal riots. Gandhi urged for communal harmony and worked tirelessly to promote unity among the Hindus and Muslims. But Mahatmas act of benevolence angered Hindu fundamentalists and on January 13, 1948 he was assassinated by Hindu fanatic Nathuram Godse. GENGHIS KHAN Genghis Khan, born Temujin, was the founder and Great Khan (emperor) of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his demise. He came to power by uniting many of the nomadic tribes of northeast Asia. After founding the Mongol Empire and being proclaimed Genghis Khan, he started the Mongol invasions that resulted in the conquest of most of Eurasia. These included raids or invasions of the Kara-Khitan Khanate, Caucasus, Khwarezmid

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The movie “All Quiet on the Western Front” Essay example

All Quiet on the Western Front The movie â€Å"All Quiet on the Western Front† can provide us with a lot of insight about the soldiers experience in World War I. The movie and what we learned in class can help us out with this. In the movie there were a lot of kids and just by looking at their face you could tell what they were thinking. Some of them were very scared of what might happen to them, some of them were determined to come home well and alive, and some of them looked excited to be serving the Fatherland and doing their duty. Back in Germany they told the students over and over that it was their duty to fight in the war and that is what men do in Germany. They were told they were serving the Fatherland and bringing glory back to†¦show more content†¦Death by gas was a horrible thing. We learned this in class from the book that we heard about the effects of gas. You maintain consciousness until the very last five minutes in your life. You suffocate yourself for weeks on end with it getting harder and harder to breathe as the time passes. There was also lots of rain which caused lots of mud which soldiers would occasionally drown in. The soldiers quickly learn that training camp is useless; you learn everything you need to know in battle and in the heat of the moment. In the movie they showed the kids coming into war fresh out of training camp. They were probably about my age, or even younger. One of the older soldiers saw them, then looked at the trucks and saw it filled with coffins and said, â€Å"Headquarters was even nice enough to send us stuff to fill them with,† while he was motioning towards the newcomers. In war the space in between your trench and your enemies was called no man’s land. In no man’s land it was infested with lice, flesh eating rats, and flies. Sometimes the soldiers would walk out while they were at their turn at offense, and rats would crawl out of the eye sockets of dead bodies eating the eyeballs of their fallen comrad es. There was death and unsanitary conditions everywhere. In the movie when the main character killed the French man you could tell he didn’t want to. They were used to shooting at people from aShow MoreRelatedAll Quiet on the Western Front: A Movie To Make You Think Essay1057 Words   |  5 PagesAll Quiet on the Western Front was never written to be like the movies we watch today. When people go to see a movie about war, they typically expect watch a story jam packed with action from start to finish. All Quiet on the Western Front, also has this kind of battle from beginning to end, but was never intended to tell the common sci-fi adventure of which it could be associated to. It is made to speak against the terrible conditions which men had to face in world war won. The movie shows usRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front Film Analysis1498 Words   |  6 Pages The 1979 television film All Quiet on the Western Front depicts the story of Paul Bauman, a German soldier fresh out of high school who decided to enlist for World War I. Throughout the course of the film, viewers see the general events of World War I from the eyes of the â€Å"losers†, the Germans. Through the use of a German perspective, the portrayal of the horrors of war, and showing the difference of opinions back home and on the front, All Quiet on the Western Front advocates for a more realisticRead MoreCritical Writing Activity: Comparing and Contrasting War Stories749 Words   |  3 PagesThe Red Badge of Courage, written by Stephen Crane, is a story about a boy named Henry who enlists into the Union Army and goes through the change of becoming a man. The movie, All’s Quiet in the Western Front, shows the horrifying realities of war by telling the story of a kid named Paul who becomes a soldier fighting for the Germans in World War I. Both stories portray similar and different ideas of war and how it can completely change a person’s view on life. In The Red Badge of Courage, theRead More The First World War (WWI) Essay854 Words   |  4 PagesHorne, All Quiet on the Western Front, written by Erich Maria Remarque, and the many letters written by soldiers give several different and similar views of World War 1. The letters written by the soldiers talk about his or her individual problems and how they miss and love his or her families. In The Price of Glory: Verdun 1916, Alistair Horne writes day to day stories about the Battle of Verdun and of soldiers discussing his or her feelings at that point. Erich Maria Remarque writes in All QuietRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front Essay2253 Words   |  10 Pages All Quiet on the Western Front (1930) and Paths of Glory (1957) Stanley Kubrick directed the movie, Paths of Glory. All Quiet on the Western Front is both a novel, and a movie. The novel is written by Erich Maria Remarque, and the movie was directed by Lewis Milestone. Both Paths of Glory and All Quiet on the Western Front depict â€Å"The Great War†, also known as â€Å"First World War† or â€Å"World War I.† The Great War originated in Europe, it was a Global War that lasted from July 28 1914 up until NovemberRead MoreNot So Quiet By Helen Smith988 Words   |  4 PagesThe truth was that there was a great divide between the two fronts. The war front, fields bloodied and smear with greasy mud. The home front, standing tall with pride, patriotism, and power. In the book, Not so Quiet†¦. written by Helen Smith, who have experienced the cruel harsh reality of the war, she describes the ugly side of the war and how everyone view the war. When the war started in 1914, there was need for manpower on the front line, men an d women step up to take on roles, Helen was amongRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front Essay1330 Words   |  6 Pageslackluster conditions of others’ lives throughout time is conveyed via a novel or movie, we are forced to delve into the lives of those who fought tirelessly for their beliefs – even if â€Å"their beliefs† are not correlated to their own. Prime exemplum of soldiers fighting for differing causes is and attempting to save the sliver of humanity remaining is demonstrated by Paul Bà ¤umer in â€Å"All Quiet on the Western Front,† by Erich Maria Remarque and Lieutenant Hans von Witzland in Stalingrad. While bothRead MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front Essay1377 Words   |  6 Pagesothers’ lives throughout time is conveyed via a novel or movie, we are forced to delve into the lives of those who fought tirelessly for their beliefs – even if â€Å"their beliefs† are actually society’s beliefs and are not correla ted to their own. Prime exemplum of soldiers fighting for differing causes, such as an attempt to save the sliver of humanity remaining in them, is demonstrated in Erich Maria Remarque’s novel All Quiet on the Western Front through Paul Bà ¤umer in the film directed by Joseph Vilsmaier:Read MoreAll Quiet On The Western Front1585 Words   |  7 PagesThe loss of innocence is an evident yet bitter theme in the novel All Quiet on the Western Front. The group of young men, introduced at the beginning of the book, had no idea of the hardships and brutalities of war that come. Following their disclosure to battle and the front, the boys instantaneously become men. They are no longer naive and innocent. The theme is also shown with the protagonist, Krebs, in the short story â€Å"Soldier’s Home.† Krebs is home on leave, and does not have passion for lifeRead MoreFilmreport All Quiet on the Western Front1363 Words   |  6 Pageswith his classmates, enlists for the army to fight in the Great War. Full of enthusiasm and adventurous thoughts, they arrive at the front, but then are faced with the horrific and soul-destroying war. One by one the classmates are fall in action†¦ 1. What is the title of this film? When was it made? Who wrote the original novel? Title: All Quiet on the Western Front Made in: 1979 Author: Erich Maria Remarque 2. Why did the students join the Army? The students were taught fighting

Google Business Environment Free Essays

Google’s Business Environment Michael Lubrano Management 521 February 6, 2012 Sam Cunningham Google’s Business Environment Investigating Google as a leader in the search engine industry proved to be extremely interesting. The company began back in 1996 under the guidance of Larry Page and Sergey Brin both graduate students from Stanford University. The original search engine was called â€Å"BackRub† a search engine working with connecting the importance of web pages using links. We will write a custom essay sample on Google Business Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Google with such humble beginnings offered the services in a single language and offers their services in scores of languages. After careful review of Google’s income statement balance sheet and cash flow statement information it was clear the company is a leader in the industry. There are many companies trying to develop as large a customer base as Google but none to date have passed this Internet giant. While reviewing the annual data Google’s total revenue for the past three years has been on a continual increase. Recent conditions in the economy have not seemed to be a major hindrance to Google and seem not to have deterred its growth over the past few years. The statement tracks annual total revenue with numbers in thousands in December 2009 of $23,651,000 growing to $29,321,000 in December 2010 and an increase to $37,905,000 in December 2011 The growth shows an increase of almost 6,000,000 in 2009 -2010 and another $6,000,000 in 2011. With a potential climb of this magnitude for the years to come Google will be a force to be reckoned with on a continued level as it has been to the present day. The report also gave a gross profit figure with a continual annual growth gaining on a greater percentage level as well with an ability to add a larger amount of funding toward research and development increased by almost 2. 4 billion dollars in three years. Finally there was a net income applicable to common shares with a growth from 6. 5 billion in 2009 to 9. 7 billion in 2011. In further review of Google’s balance sheet and cash flow statement information, Google shows a marked growth in cash and marketable securities from close to 24. 4 billion in 2009 growing to a whopping 44. billion in 2011 listing total assets of in excess of 72 billion in the fourth quarter of 2011. Reviewing the statements the predominant concern should be when if ever there will be a potential downside to the growth of Google. It has been on a steady climb and the statements portray continual growth for Google. Therefore there is usually concern with all growth in a positive direction slowing down o ver time. Many of the world’s industry leaders have a tendency to fall over time if growth is not clearly studied and additional products along with continued development of traditional products maintained. If the company can no longer keep up with demand or because growth in the industry inspires competition to develop, Google may lose some of the momentum. In the past former Google employees formed Twitter. Twitter has not been a problem for Google but as another company developing it can be in time. This along with others that may form due to the nature of the business can be a problem in the future. Google has been envied over the way they run their management teams. It has been said by many other managers employed by other companies the way Google approaches innovation is superior to many in the market today. The engineers are never expected to be non thinking. They are encouraged to dream and work with their own pet projects. Google encourages this and ensures the best ideas get the funding. According to Google’s Chief Executive Officer Eric Schmidt Google set up innovation reviews allowing department heads the opportunity to look at and compare all ideas discussing those with promise and allow those to proceed. This was due to the fear of ideas set aside and not allowed to develop. The concept was that one of those ideas set aside may be the one idea to be the next big money maker for Google. There are several companies that have comparable data to Google and can be clearly involved in benchmarking. Google has introduced analytics comparing data used by those companies along with Google to include visits, bounce rates, average time on site, new visits, page views, and pages per visits. According to Eric Schmidt â€Å"Today we have one very clear competitor, which is Microsoft, we used to two, with Yahoo, but Yahoo largely outsourced the search stuff to Microsoft. We see them as the core competitor; we have additional competition from different corners, so Facebook is a competitor in a bunch of properties and also for attention. Russell, p85. 2011)† Google has maintained the mantra not to be evil in its business endeavors and with the integrity it has maintained Google’s mission. That mission has been to bring information without censorship helping societies with heavy censorship to circumvent the censors and gain access to all information. Google has been an innovative company and one of their strategies was Google Shared Spaces. This is a business efficiency increasing tool with the ability to share information needed by all in real time. This permits global businesses with many divisions in different locations and employees in need of brainstorming a means to do that brainstorming, surveys and time frame management in one gadget (Moons, 2011). Google also has developed through their Andriod creation application the ability for those who do not have a programming background, just ordinary people to create applications. This allows for a large amount of user made applications to be placed online. Many applications could not have been produced without this application. This was considered a revolutionary tool allowing for collective creativity from all over the globe to merge. It is also the catalyst for applications to be developed by those not as knowledgeable about programming making the expectation of those applications to be much more user friendly. This brings the final global strategy in Google’s arsenal Aardvark. This program will be the platform connecting information seekers with information holders. Basically it connects those looking with those who have and this is a major move in the real-time search network. As a portion of this study it is also important to understand the Google culture. In this market of the day culture of a company is important as well as the attitude they carry in the business world. Its development has been above the norm in industry looking to keep its employees comfortable along with being hands on contributors and capable of doing many jobs. The employees are always able to pose questions directly to the founders Larry or Sergey at a weekly all hands meeting. The company is aggressively inclusive in their hiring and works to continue building a global team with many languages spoken within the company. The corporate office known by the staffers as the Googleplex is headquarted in Mountain View, California, but their mission is to accommodate the entire world with information. Although the corporate office is in California the many offices around the world share similar attributes such as cubicles for the employees, bikes, and scooters to travel between meetings, hundreds of laptops, foosball, pool tables, volleyball courts, yoga, and dance classes offered, pianos, ping pong tables, and other items similar to unwind when stress is too high. There are also a variety of cafes within the complexes offering healthy lunches and dinners along with snacks and drinks to keep the Google staff going. The company has always kept the spirit of the crew being maintained at the highest level keeps the company at that level as well. Google also maintains these things they know to be true. First focus on the user and all else will follow. Second it is best to do one thing really, really well. Third fast is better than slow. Fourth, democracy on the web works. Fifth, you do not need to be at your desk to need an answer. Sixth, you can make money without being evil. Seventh, there is always more information out there. Eighth, the need for information crosses all borders. Ninth, you can be serious without a suit. Tenth, Great just is not good enough. The attitude Google has is also one that believes finding answers on the web is not the problem of the individual searching but Google. They recognize the needs of the world information seekers and will continue to meet them with products and services. With a company that maintains this philosophy it is hard to think of any reasons they would not be in the position they are in at present. Google maintains a good healthy attitude and will be a presence for many years in the future. It also is easy to understand why they continue to dominant the competition and will continue to do so. In conclusion, Google is a force in the online information market that has no comparables at present time. There search engine is one of the most recognized and used more than others but also the Google site has a large advertisement base as well using their AdWords Express program. It was developed to place ads related to the content and relate to the users accessing the information page. Google has incorporated ways to show relevant ads allowing visitors to search the site helping to monetize, promote, and measure the success of the site as well. This is one factor that keeps Google in front and ahead of the competition. There are many who offer some form of information and information sharing Microsoft and Facebook are two to mention yet both of these along with the others now operating with too small a presence to be mentioned today have a large mountain to climb to be close to Google’s size, strength, abilities, and success. It is not impossible for a new and innovative company to develop that will someday give Google some competition but as of today there are none close to their level and there does not seem to be many in their shadows, either. References 2011 Google financial tables retrieved February from http://investor. google. com/financial/tables. html Anthony, S. (June 22, 2009). The search engine company famous for creative freedom is realizing there’s a place for discipline, too, according to Scott Anthony Harvard Business. Org Russell, J. December 2011), Eric Schmidt discusses Google’s competitors, China, acquisitions and more. Retrieved February 5, 2011 from http://thenextweb. com/google/2011/12/27/eric-schmidt-discusses-googles-competitors-china-acquisitions-and-more/ Moons, L. (February 23, 2011), Google’s Global Development Strategies, Retrieved February 6, 2012 from http://www. businessandsoftwarestrategyforglobalisation. com/google%E2%80%99s-global-development-strate gies/ The Google Culture, Retrieved February 6, 2012 from http://www. google. com/about/company/culture. html How to cite Google Business Environment, Essay examples

Art History for Power and Beauty Inherent-myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theArt History for Power and Beauty Inherent of the Earth. Answer: Art since 1945: Ana Mendieta, Tree of Life, 1977 Ana Mendieta is considered to be one of the most important artists of the world post 1945. In her own opinion, My art is grounded on the belief in one universal energy which runs through everything; from insect to man, from man to spectre, from spectre to plant, from plant to galaxy (Gallery et al). The Tree of Life or "Arbol de la Vida" completed by her in the year 1977 is one of her most significant works and in this particular work like the other works of her she dwells on the theme of the female goddess and the divine energy (Gallery et al). The female figure in this particular artwork is often interpreted as a silhouette of the female goddess and the energy which entails with her. In the opinion of the other critics this particular artwork of Mendieta represents the creative, fertility of the divine feminine and the power and beauty inherent in the earth (Gallery et al). This particular artwork of hers represents a female figure standing in front of a tree and is often considere d to be one of the paradigms of the modern artworks. Therefore, this artwork should deserve a place within the Two Rivers Gallery. Art since 1945: Alberto Giacometti, The City Sqaure, 1948 Giacometti is a post war artists whose artworks have been much appreciated in the present times. He is famous for his artworks which incorporate within them precepts of surrealism, expressionism and others to portray the condition of the modern day world (Mathews). The City Sqaure of Giacometti was inspired by the gruesomeness which he experienced during the Second World War and is a personal account of the horrors which he encountered during the war (Mathews). In the opinion of many scholars and critics this particular artwork of Giacometti tries to show the future of mankind if mankind continues to indulge in the practices of war (Mathews). In the opinion of others this particular work of the artists shows human isolation, vulnerability, and indestructibility (Mathews). Thus, it can be said that various critics as well as scholars have offered different interpretations of the same work however none of the critics or the scholars can deny the importance and the artistry involved in the artwork. Another interesting thing to note about the work is that the entire work has been carved out on a piece of bronze. Thus, it can be said that this particular work of Giacometti deserves a place in the Two Rivers Gallery. Art since 1945: Nora Heysen, Motherhood, 1950 Nora Heysen is another modern artist whose works have much influenced the course of the modern art. It is to be noted that just like the artworks of Giacometti, the artworks of Heysen have also been much influenced by the war and its related aspects. Thus, her Motherhood completed in the year 1950 is considered to be one of the most pertinent expressions of the gruesome machinery of war and the danger which it poses to the modern society (Hylton). In the opinion of many critics as well as scholars this particular artwork of Heysen represents the protective feelings of a mother to protect her child from the horrors of the war (Hylton). It is to be noted that after the two great wars many artists have tried to depict the harmful side of the war by the use of various machinery however this particular work of art stands out among them as it uses the machinery of human emotions and the protective feelings of a mother towards her child to drive home the point of Heysen (Hylton). Thus, it c an be said that this particular artwork of Nora Heysen deserves a place in the Two Rivers Gallery. Modern Art in Europe and America 1900-1945: Pablo Picasso, Minotaur Kneeling Over Sleeping Girl, 1933 Picasso is considered to be one of the most important pioneers of the modern art of painting and it is a reflection of this that many of his paintings are considered to be models or frameworks from which the various modern artists compose their artworks (Dillenberger and Handley). His Minotaur Kneeling Over Sleeping Girl composed in the year 1933 was one of his earliest artworks and shows some of the dominant themes of his in miniature theme which would be further developed in his later works (Dillenberger and Handley). In addition to that, this is the first example in line among several works to be realized through the remaining part of the decade by the painter where he used the theme of the legendary Minoan creature Minotaur recurrently (Dillenberger and Handley). It is to be noted that the Minotaur myth finds repeated use in the later works of Picasso and because of this particular reason Minotaur Kneeling Over Sleeping Girl is considered one of the most important works in the ca nnon of Picassos artworks (Dillenberger and Handley). Thus, it can be said that this particular artwork of Picasso should find a place in the Two Rivers Gallery. European and American Art, 1840-1910: Van Gogh, Midday Rest, 1890 Van Gogh, the predecessor of Picasso is often considered to be one of the greatest artists not only of the 19th century but of all times (Schulze and Windhorst). He is considered to be one of the earliest practitioners of the art of expressionism and the painting Midday Rest composed in the year 1890 is often considered to be a result of this particular art-form (Wilkie). This particular artwork has an interesting history behind its creation. According to many critics, Van Gogh left Paris after staying in it only for three days and this particular painting of Van Gogh is considered to the composed after his retirement from the bustling society of Paris (Wilkie). In the opinion of Van Gogh, Auvers is very beautiful. There were many old thatched roofs, something that is becoming rare (...) It is entirely rural, distinct and picturesque. (...) I am almost sure that on these canvas I have articulated what I cannot express in words, namely how healthy and heartening I find the countryside " (Schulze and Windhorst). It is this particular serenity as well as the beauty of the land of Auvers that went into the creation of the painting. This particular painting of Van Gogh shows a man and a woman taking rest in the rural area of Auvers away from the bustling society of Paris. Thus, it can be said that this particular painting of Van Gogh deserves a place in the Two Rivers Gallery. References Dillenberger, Jane, and John Handley.The Religious Art of Pablo Picasso. Univ of California Press, 2014. Gallery, Hayward, et al.Ana Mendieta: Traces. Hatje Cantz, 2014. Hylton, Jane.Nora Heysen: light and life. Wakefield Press, 2009. Mathews, Timothy.Alberto Giacometti: The art of relation. IB Tauris, 2013. Schulze, Franz, and Edward Windhorst.Mies van der Rohe: A critical biography. University of Chicago Press, 2012. Wilkie, Ken.The Van Gogh File: The Myth and the Man. Souvenir Press, 2012

Computing in Modern Day Biology

Qustions: 1.How you feel that your career could be directed to new opportunities in this field? 2.Discuss two of your own life or work experiences that you feel have enabled you to develop skills which you will be able to transfer to your professional career? Answers: 1.Careers in ICT Computing has come such a long way, so much so that today, its almost impossible to keep up with technological advancements according to Hitt and Tambe (2016, p. 835). Those individuals with a passion for molecular biology are delving into the new-found fertile ground which is bioinformatics. This paper focuses on the advancement of technology on informatics. It also presents a personal reflection on experience that enabled me to develop skills towards a professional career. As an interdisciplinary field of science that innovate strategic methods and software tools for deeper understanding of biological data, mathematics, statistics, Bioinformatics combines, computer science, and engineering in the analysis and interpretation of biological data. It provides a frontier for researchers to look for hidden information in the DNA without the need of ever putting on a lab coat (Mascola Shapiro, 2017, p. 110). Now, this is where we need to go. That we can study DNA replication using only a simple algorithm that investigates the genome, or better yet apply the same randomized algorithms to understand the complex DNA language and its essentiality in the biological clock in processes such as aging is totally revolutionary (Shenoy 2016, p. 65). The question of which DNA patterns are essential in the molecular clocks processes e.g. maintaining the circadian rhythm can now be answered. Bioinformatics affords us the software tools in finding recurring biological moti fs within genes that assists the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (the pathogen that causes TB) dominating the host's system for a long time before it causes an active infection. 2.Reflection on life experiences Experience is the best teacher that gives the best lesson they say and I have had my share of lessons in the school of life too. While on clinical placement in the surgical ward, I had been charged with nursing a 60-year-old Mr. Keen who was recovering from abdominal surgery. I noticed that the doctor, who had been examining another patient, came straight to Mr. Keen and started examining his wound. I was shocked because I expected that he could sanitize his hands with alcohol pads first or wear gloves. I was concerned that this could lead to cross-contamination, but I was not certain I would speak up because I thought he was more experienced. Over the next few days the wound had become septic, and I could not help but blame myself for my inaction. I realized that I had to be assertive when dealing with colleagues and sometimes seniors and this is a character that would be vital in my professional practice. Today I endeavor to speak my mind assertively on matters clients welfare even when it means challenging my colleagues practice. Another instance while still on clinical placement, I was working on patient records that had been delegated to me by my supervisor. There was so much on my desk that it was apparent I would not submit them on time, but I was committed to quality so I gave it my all even beyond the deadline and thought that would be my excuse. Convinced that I had done my best I took to my supervisors office. He was satisfied with the quality of work but was mad as hell that I was late. His advice was that if I were to be in such a position in the future, I would need to explain myself before the due date rather than wait to give excuses later. Honesty is a virtue after all. This way you earn the trust of your seniors. Am never giving excuses after am late, I will explain the reasons beforehand. References Hitt, L, Tambe, P 2016, 'Health Care Information Technology, Work Organization, and Nursing Home Performance',ILR Review, 69, 4, pp. 834-859, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 30 March 2017. Mascola, J, Shapiro, L 2017, 'Antibodyomics: bioinformatics technologies for understanding B-cell immunity to HIV-1',Immunological Reviews, 275, 1, pp. 108-128, Academic Search Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 30 March 2017. Shenoy, RR 2016, 'Bioinformatics Patents -- The Challenges',Journal Of Commercial Biotechnology, 22, 3, pp. 64-78, Business Source Premier, EBSCOhost, viewed 30 March 2017.

Tourism and Leisure for Youth Target Market

Mass Murder at Babi Yar Ravine

Mass Murder at Babi Yar Ravine Before there were gas chambers, the Nazis used guns to kill Jews and others in large numbers during the Holocaust. Babi Yar, a ravine located just outside of  Kiev, was the site where  the Nazis  murdered approximately 100,000 people. The killing began with a large group on September 29-30, 1941, but continued for months. The German Takeover After the Nazis attacked the Soviet Union on June 22, 1941, they pushed east. By September 19, they had reached Kiev. It was a confusing time for the inhabitants of Kiev. Though a large portion of the population had family either in the Red Army or had evacuated into the interior of the Soviet Union, many inhabitants welcomed the German Armys takeover of Kiev. Many believed the Germans would free them from Stalins oppressive regime. Within days they would see the true face of the invaders. Explosions Looting began immediately. Then the Germans moved into Kievs downtown on Kreshchatik Street. On September 24 - five days after the Germans entered Kiev - a bomb exploded around four oclock in the afternoon at the German headquarters. For days, bombs exploded in buildings in the Kreshchatik that had been occupied by Germans. Many Germans and civilians were killed and injured. After the war, it was determined that a group of NKVD members was left behind by the Soviets to offer some resistance against the conquering Germans. But during the war, the Germans decided it was the work of Jews, and retaliated for the bombings against the Jewish population of Kiev. The Notice By the time the bombings finally stopped on September 28, the Germans already had a plan for retaliation. On this day, the Germans posted a notice all over town that read: All [Jews] living in the city of Kiev and its vicinity are to report by 8 oclock on the morning of Monday, September 29th, 1941, at the corner of Melnikovsky and Dokhturov Streets (near the cemetery). They are to take with them documents, money, valuables, as well as warm clothes, underwear, etc. Any [Jew] not carrying out this instruction and who is found elsewhere will be shot. Any civilian entering flats evacuated by [Jews] and stealing property will be shot. Most people in town, including the Jews, thought this notice meant deportation. They were wrong. Reporting for Deportation On the morning of September 29, tens of thousands of Jews arrived at the appointed location. Some arrived extra early in order to ensure themselves a seat on the train. Most waited hours in this crowd - only slowly moving toward what they thought was a train. The Front of the Line Soon after people passed through the gate into the Jewish cemetery, they reached the front of the mass of people. Here, they were to leave their baggage. Some in the crowd wondered how they would be reunited with their possessions; some believed it would be sent in a luggage van. The Germans were counting out only a few people at a time and then letting them move farther on. Machine-gun fire could be heard nearby. For those that realized what was happening and wanted to leave, it was too late. There was a barricade staffed by Germans who were checking identification papers of those wanting out. If the person was Jewish, they were forced to remain. In Small Groups Taken from the front of the line in groups of ten, they were led to a corridor, about four or five feet wide, formed by rows of soldiers on each side.  The soldiers were holding sticks and would hit the Jews as they went by. There was no question of being able to dodge or get away. Brutal blows, immediately drawing blood, descended on their heads, backs and shoulders from left and right. The soldiers kept shouting: Schnell, schnell! laughing happily, as if they were watching a circus act; they even found ways of delivering harder blows in the more vulnerable places, the ribs, the stomach and the groin. Screaming and crying, the Jews exited the corridor of soldiers onto an area overgrown with grass.  Here they were ordered to undress. Those who hesitated had their clothes ripped off them by force, and were kicked and struck with knuckledusters or clubs by the Germans, who seemed to be drunk with fury in a sort of sadistic rage. 7 Babi Yar Babi Yar is the name of a ravine in the northwestern section of Kiev. A. Anatoli described the ravine as enormous, you might even say majestic: deep and wide, like a mountain gorge. If you stood on one side of it and shouted you would scarcely be heard on the other.8 It was here that the Nazis shot the Jews. In small groups of ten, the Jews were taken along the edge of the ravine. One of the very few survivors remembers she looked down and her head swam, she seemed to be so high up. Beneath her was a sea of bodies covered in blood. Once the Jews were lined up, the Nazis used a machine-gun to shoot them. When shot, they fell into the ravine. Then the next were brought along the edge and shot. According to the Einsatzgruppe Operational Situation Report No. 101, 33,771 Jews were killed at  Babi Yar  on September 29 and 30.10  But this was not the end of the killing at Babi Yar. More Victims The Nazis next rounded up Gypsies and killed them at Babi Yar. Patients of the Pavlov Psychiatric Hospital were gassed and then dumped into the ravine. Soviet prisoners of war were brought to the ravine and shot. Thousands of other civilians were killed at Babi Yar for trivial reasons, such as a mass shooting in retaliation for just one or two people breaking a Nazi order. The killing continued for months at Babi Yar. It is estimated that 100,000 people were murdered there. Babi Yar: Destroying the Evidence By mid-1943, the Germans were on the retreat; the Red Army was advancing west. Soon, the Red Army would liberate Kiev and its surroundings. The Nazis, in an effort to hide their guilt, tried to destroy evidence of their killings - the mass graves at Babi Yar. This was to be a gruesome job, so they had prisoners do it. The Prisoners Not knowing why they had been chosen, 100 prisoners from the Syretsk concentration camp (near Babi Yar) walked toward Babi Yar thinking they were to be shot. They were surprised when Nazis attached shackles onto them. Then surprised again when the Nazis gave them dinner. At night, the prisoners were housed in a cave-like hole cut into the side of the ravine. Blocking the entrance/exit was an enormous gate, locked with a large padlock. A wooden tower faced the entrance, with a machine-gun aimed at the entrance to keep watch over the prisoners. 327 prisoners, 100 of whom were Jews, were chosen for this horrific work. The Ghastly Work On August 18, 1943, the work began. The prisoners were divided into brigades, each with its own part of the cremation process. Digging:  Some prisoners had to dig into the mass graves. Since there were numerous mass graves at Babi Yar, most had been covered with dirt. These prisoners removed the top layer of dirt in order to expose the corpses.Hooking:  Having fallen into the pit after having been shot and having been underground for up to two years, many of the bodies had twisted together and were difficult to remove from the mass. The Nazis had constructed a special tool to disentangle and pull/drag the corpses. This tool was metal with one end shaped into a handle and the other shaped into a hook.The prisoners who had to pull the corpses out of the grave would place the hook under the corpses chin and pull - the body would follow the head. Sometimes the bodies were so firmly stuck together that two or three of them came out with one hook. It was often necessary to hack them apart with axes, and the lower layers had to be dynamited several times. The Nazis drank vodka to drown out the smell and the scenes; the prisoners werent even allowed to wash their hands.Removing Valuables:  After the bodies were pulled out of the mass grave, a few prisoners with pliers would search the victims mouths for gold. Other prisoners would remove clothing, boots, etc. from the bodies. (Though the Jews had been forced to undress before they were killed, later groups were often shot fully clothed.)Cremating the Bodies:  After the bodies had been checked for valuables, they were to be cremated. The pyres were carefully constructed for efficiency. Granite tombstones were brought from the nearby Jewish cemetery and laid flat on the ground. Wood was then stacked on top of it. Then the first layer of bodies was carefully laid on top of the wood so that their heads were on the outside. The second layer of bodies was then carefully placed on the first, but with the heads on the other side. Then, the prisoners placed more wood. And again, another lay er of bodies was placed on top - adding layer after layer. Approximately 2,000 bodies would be burned at the same time. To start the fire, gasoline was doused over the pile of bodies. The [stokers] got the fire going underneath and also carried burning torches along the rows of projecting heads. The hair, soaked in oil [gasoline], immediately burst into bright flame - that was why they had arranged the heads that way. Crushing the Bones:  The ashes from the pyre were scooped up and brought to another group of prisoners. Large pieces of bone that had not burned in the fire needed to be crushed to fully destroy the evidence of Nazi atrocities. Jewish tombstones were taken from the nearby cemetery to crush the bones. Prisoners then passed the ashes through a sieve, looking for large bone pieces that needed to be further crushed as well as searching for gold and other valuables. Planning an Escape The prisoners worked for six weeks at their gruesome task. Though they were exhausted, starving, and filthy, these prisoners still held on to life. There had been a couple of earlier escape attempts by individuals, after which, a dozen or more other prisoners were killed in retaliation. Thus, it was decided amongst the prisoners that the prisoners would have to escape as a group. But how were they to do this? They were hindered by shackles, locked in with a large padlock, and aimed at with a machine gun. Plus, there was at least one informer among them. Fyodor Yershov finally came up with a plan that would hopefully  would allow at least a few of the prisoners to reach safety. While working, the prisoners often found small items that the victims had brought with them to Babi Yar - not knowing they were to be murdered. Among these items were scissors, tools, and keys. The escape plan was to gather items that would help remove the shackles, find a key that would unlock the padlock, and find items that could be used to help them attack the guards. Then they would break their shackles, unlock the gate, and run past the guards, hoping to avoid being hit by machine-gun fire. This escape plan, especially in hindsight, seemed nearly impossible. Yet, the prisoners broke into groups of ten to search for the needed items. The group that was to search for the key to the padlock had to sneak and try hundreds of different keys in order to find the one that worked. One day, one of the few Jewish prisoners, Yasha Kaper, found a key that worked. The plan was almost ruined by an accident. One day, while working, an SS  man hit a prisoner. When the prisoner landed on the ground, there was a rattling sound. The SS man soon discovered that the prisoner was carrying scissors. The SS man wanted to know what the prisoner was planning on using the scissors for. The prisoner replied, I wanted to cut my hair. The SS man began to beat him while repeating the question. The prisoner could have easily revealed the escape plan, but did not. After the prisoner had lost  consciousness  he was thrown  onto  the fire. Having the key and other needed materials, the prisoners realized they needed to set a date for the escape. On September 29 one of the SS officers warned the prisoners that they were going to be killed the following day. The date for the escape was set for that night. The Escape Around two oclock that night, the prisoners tried to unlock the padlock. Though it took two turns of the key to  unlock  the lock, after the first turn, the lock made a noise which alerted the guards. The prisoners managed to make it back to their bunks before they were seen.   After the change in guard, the prisoners tried turning the lock  a second  turn. This time the lock did not make a noise and opened. The known informer was killed in his sleep. The rest of the prisoners were woken up and all worked on removing their shackles. The guards noticed the noise from the removal of the shackles and came to investigate. One prisoner thought quickly and told the guards that the prisoners were fighting over the potatoes that the guards had left in the bunker earlier. The guards thought this was funny and left. Twenty minutes later, the prisoners rushed out of the bunker en masse in an effort to escape. Some of the prisoners came upon guards and attacked them; others kept on running. The machine gun operator didnt want to shoot because, in the dark, he was afraid he would hit some of his own men. Out of all the prisoners, only 15 succeeded in escaping.

Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Journal - Essay Example Marketing management bases on the concept of situation analysis in which the manager has to keenly analyze and closely monitor the firm so that everything runs parallel to the firm’s objectives and mission. Since it is a broad field, situation analysis divides itself into the economic, competitive, cooperative, legal, social and political environments. The economic environment It is a major determinant of how the firm survives in a competitive market. This type of environment can bring with it marketing opportunities or constraints. For example, such factors as high inflation and unemployment can limit the size of the market that can afford to purchase a firm’s top-of –the-line product (Peter and Donnelly 17). The competitive environment Firms are after a similar raw material and target at same consumers. In this environment, the management must look out for competing firms, drive competitors out of the industry and aim at offering value sensible products to the consumers. Political environment It influences how the public views the product. It composes of the business critics, the public and other organizations. To guard the corporation image, the management must satisfy the standards set to avoid criticism. ... Operations management functions The functions are categorized under design and control issues (Mahadevan 16). For the design issues, the functions are realized in product and design development. This is a major importance since it facilitates creativity in production to withstand external competitions. In addition, there is improved quality management, which helps build trust with customers. Designing is important when locating and making layouts of facilities that enables efficiency in production. For control issues, operations management is a guide for forecasting, as it understands the flow and trends of products. This helps in controlling production such that there is neither surplus nor deficit. Supply chain management is put under control since it depends on the operations management decisions. Still, the operations management helps guide the maintenance management because the operations determine how frequent the maintenance practices are carried out. With all these summed up, there is a continuous improvement of operations in a company. The operations management faces competitive pressure. This is because of technological advancement today. This can be attributed to be a major challenge. On the same note, the pressure can be from the economic reforms. Organizational design Organizational design involves two complementary problems: how to partition a big task of the whole organization and how to coordinate the subunits so that they fit together (Burton et al). The problems make organizational design a continuous executive process that requires short-term and long-term resolutions. Since it is a continuous process, a systematic approach reveals what happens Step 1: getting started Every firm has a goal and mission

Managing Construction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Managing Construction - Essay Example 2005). Account also needs to be taken of changes in the quality of labor. Educational achievement is the usual delegation for quality. In construction, this alternative is least dependable, since many skills are acquired from experience and workshop training. The service is the amount of the finances that is made use of in production due to repairs. Reports have shown that there is dwindling productivity in the construction industry across UK. The industry has had downfalls that are associated with many contributing factors. Among the factors that affect productivity as discussed in this paper are employing skilled labor from abroad, increasing overtime for local skilled labor, rapid training of new local workers, and the use of more capital-intensive methods of construction (A 2000). Risk is characterized as the introduction to loss/gain, or the likelihood of event of loss/gain reproduced by its particular size. Activities are said to be sure if the likelihood of their event is 100% or completely unverifiable if the likelihood of event is 0%. In the middle of these extremes, the doubt shifts generally. Chance additionally could be characterized as a normal for a circumstance, movement, or occasion in which various conclusions are conceivable, the specific one that will happen is indeterminate, and no less than one of the potential outcomes is undesirable (M.A. 2000). Risk can further be characterized as the vicinity of potential or real requirements that could hinder productivity, bringing about complete disappointment either throughout development or at time of utilization. Risk can be simply illustrated as; Employing skilled work force from abroad has assorted inconvenient consequences to the productivity of the construction industry and the countrys budgetary standpoint on the loose. The expenses are connected with decreasing the profitability and

Schistosoma Mansoni Tegument Proteins

Schistosoma Mansoni Tegument Proteins Tran, M., Pearson, Bethony, J., Smyth, D., Jones, M., Duke, M., Don, T., McManus, D., Correa-Oliveira, R. and Loukas, A. (2006) Tetraspanins on the surface of Schistosoma mansoni are protective antigens against schistosomiasis, Nature medicine., 12(7), pp. 835-40.    Braschi, S., Borges, W. and Wilson, R. (2007) Proteomic analysis of the schistosome tegument and its surface membranes, Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., 101, pp. 205-12. Tetraspanins are family found within the tegument that has shown to be accessible to host immunoglobulin by proteomic analysis (Braschi et al., 2006). The surface membrane of B cells has tetraspanins, it is also found on the suface of the schistosome tegument   Schulte et al. (2013). Function of both schistosome tetraspanins and mammalian tetraspanins   have similar function (Tran et al. (2013).   Tran et al (2006) suggested that expression and purification of the extracellular loop 2 of both TSP- 1 and TSP-2 of S.mansoni with E.coli thioredexin as soluble proteins. This was done by a mice been immunised three times   with rTSP-1 which is a recombinant. The count of the worm burdens, liver egg burdens and faecal egg was controlled and reduction was found in the counts. Due to the reduction of faecal egg count, a vaccine for schistosomiasis is achievable in which reduction of all the eggs in the environment is attained thereby reducing re-infection in the society. If the number of burden of faecal egg is reduced, it suggest that the symptoms linked with build up eggs in host is reduced. As seen using recombinant (rTSP-1) showed 34% reduction in worm burden through vaccination. Also r(TSP-2) showed 57% reduction of worm burden with vaccination. Due to screeni ng of of specific antibodies against the recombinant proteins in individual exposed to S. mansoni , levels of IgG3 and IgG1 with TSP-2 showed increased resistance in the individual in which IGe wasnt recognised. IgE is shown to come into effect when there is parasitic infection; Tan et al. (2006) said that   IgG3 and IgG1 with TSP-2 posseses protective characteistics which indicate that it could be an effective vaccine for scistosomiasis. Aquaporin is another molecule found on the surface of schistosomes and there is a lot of the Aquaporin protein within the tegument of S. mansoni ( Castro- Borges et al., 2011). SmAQP is found in both male and female worms whereby it enables nutrient transportation, drug uptake and osmoregulation (Faghiri et al., 2010). This led to scientist studying SmAQP whereby it has a chaacteristics of protecting the mice (Figueiredo et al. 2014). A chimeric form of SmAQP which is cSmAQP was made to conduct immunisation studies, whereby there was a control and mice injected with cSmAQP. This led to no worm burden been reduce and there was no reduction in parasite burden (Figueiredo et al., 2014). Figueiredo et al. (2014) suggested that when binding SmAQP to antibodies it doesnt stop the protein protein from functioning. The efficacy of S.mansori vaccine candidate Sm-p80 were measured using two methods. A prime boost vaccination strategy and a recombinant protein method. Both methods were carried out in the presence of a synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN). ODN contains unmethylated CpG dinucleotides as an adjuvant. Firstly, C57BL/6 mice were immunised with a control prime-boost (100ug pcDNA3) and experimental prime boost (100 ug Sm-p80-pcDNA3).   Also, Experimental recombinant protein (25ug rSm-p80 mixed with 50ug ODN)   or the control recombinant protein (50ug ODN). The results showed a significant worm burden in both groups. Mice immunised with the prime boost strategy had a 57% reduction whilst mice immunised using the recombinant strategy combined with ODN had a 70% reduction. Ahmad et al discovered there was also a 71% reduction in egg production in mice immunised with the prime-boost strategy and 75% reduction in egg production in mice immunised with the recombinant protein and ODN strategy. Also,   cercarial radiation attenuated vaccines (RA) has high levels of protection and this has been set as the standard for inducing protein in animal models. Some parts of the S. mansori tegument have been found to induce partial protection against schistosome challenge in animal models. In a recent study conducted by Teixeira de Melo et al 2010, mice were immunised with the whole tegument of S. mantory, (Smteg). Freuds adjuvant was used to immunise C57BL/6 mice. The mice were challenged with cercariae thirsty days after the last injection. The results showed a significant reduction in the worm, liver egg and faecal egg burdens compared to the control group. Teixeira de Melo et al. (2010) collected worms from the immunised mice and concluded that the worms were physically impaired indicating that the teguments of schostosomes were damaged. Additionally, all the eggs collected from faeces were dead however, it is unclear as to which of the specific protein contributed towards this protective immunity characteristic. 3.2 In a study perfomed by Cao X. et al (2014), two independent group of BALB/c mice were immunised with recombinant SjPDI with Montanide ISA 206 VG adjuvant and challenged with cercariae. The protective efficacy was evaluated. The result found showed a reduction of 35.32% and 26.19% when compared with control groups. 33.17% and 31.7% decrease in egg counts were also noticed. The protein SjNPP-5 from the family of nucleotide phosphodiesterase family (NPPs) was studied as a vaccine target. This protein is responsible for various types of physiological processes. (Rofatto et all 2009). In further research, Zhang et al (2011) tested the efficiency of this protein as a vaccine target. This was achieved by immunising ten BALB/c mice with recombinant SjNPP-5. The mice were then challenged with cercariae. The result showed a reduction in worm of 29.9% and there was a 26.21% reduction of liver egg count. The test shows that the protein possesses good immunogenicity and an increased level of specific antibodies. Lv et al 2009 tested a calcium-binding protein from the tegument of S japonicum for its ability to protect mice against schistosomiasis infection. Eight mice were immunised with SJCa8 and was dissolved in PBS with Freuds adjuvant. The mice were also challenged with S.janonicum cercariae. Immunised mice were compared to controlled mice. The results showed a reduction of 50.39%. this results could signify that the calcium-binding protein SjCa8 may make a suitable vaccine for the minimization of the pathogenesis of schistosome infection. * Yan et al (2005) used sera from M.fortis to screen and adult japonicum cDNA library for the identification of antigens that evoke protective response in M. fortis. Some of the clones identified by cDNA library screening partially encoded a member of the serine proteinase inhibitor. A full-length sequence encoding this protein was extracted. The S japonicum serpin (Sj serpin) was used to immunise C57BL/6 mice. The mice were also challenged with cercariae 3 weeks after the last boosting. Reduction of 34-36% in worm burdens was noticed. Also, Egg counts had a 39-40% reduction compared to the controlled group. Overall, the test for Sj serpin was lower than 40% therefore is not considered an effective protein antigen. Furthermore, Hong et al 2015 analysed proteins recognised by susceptible (mice) and resistant (M.fortis) antibodies before and after schistosome infection using comparative immunoproteomics. Hong proposed that proteins recognised by the resistant M.fortis sera would be effective vaccines on the other hand, proteins recognized by both resistant and susceptible would be suitable for diagnostic purposes. a heat shock protein known as   DnaJ was recognized by sera from the M. Fortis (resistant). Hong et la 2015 conducted a vaccination of mice with the recombinant form of Dnaj derived from schistosome japonicum. The results showed a reduction in worm burdens 34.5% and reduction of liver egg count 48.9% in the immunised mice. This illustrates that this molecule induce partial protection against S.japonicum. overall, it can be concluded that SjDna is not an effective protein antigen. 3.3 Schistosoma haematobium tegument proteins Research into schistosomiasis haematobium vaccine generally has been inconclusive. Moreover, recently, a 23kDa antigen from the member of a tetraspanin family has been analysed for its potential vaccine target in S.haematobium (inal and Bickle 1995). Mice in this study were immunised with large hydrophilic domain of Sh23 as a fusion with glutathione S-transferase. The mice were challenged with cercariae. After 8 weeks, the mice were infused. Evidence of worm burden reduction was not seen. Golden Syrian hamsters were vaccinated with recombinant Sm-p80. When challenged with schistosomiasis haematobium carcariae, there was a reduction of 48% in worm burden and 66% in liver egg burden. 63% reductions in intestinal egg retention were also discovered. Karmakar et al 2014, concluded that this was not a suitable model for studying the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis haematobium. The reason provided was due to the fact that there were no eggs detected in the urinary bladder of the vaccinated or control group. Similarly, baboons were used for immunisation experiments. The baboons were also immunised with the same combination of Sm-p80. The baboons displayed no reduction in urinary bladder egg load. There was a 40% reduction of faecal egg and a 53% reduction of urine egg. This result may indicate that Sm-p80 could be effective against both urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis. Karmakar et al 2014 Tran, M., Pearson, Bethony, J., Smyth, D., Jones, M., Duke, M., Don, T., McManus, D., Correa-Oliveira, R. and Loukas, A. (2006) Tetraspanins on the surface of Schistosoma mansoni are protective antigens against schistosomiasis, Nature medicine., 12(7), pp. 835-40. Braschi, S., Borges, W. and Wilson, R. (2007) Proteomic analysis of the schistosome tegument and its surface membranes, Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz., 101, pp. 205-12. Schulte L.  et al.  (2013) Tetraspanin-2 localisation in high pressure frozen and freeze-substituted Schistosoma mansoni adult males reveals its distribution in membranes of tegumentary vesicles, International Journal for Parasitology, 43(10), pp. 785-793. doi: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.04.003. Castro-Borges, W., Simpson, D., Dowle, A., Curwen, R., Thomas-Oates, J., Beynon, R. and Wilson, R. (2011) Abundance of tegument surface proteins in the human blood fluke Schistosoma mansoni determined by QconCAT proteomics, Journal of proteomics., 74(9), pp. 1519-33. Faghiri, Z., Camargo, S.M.R., Huggel, K., Forster, I.C., Ndegwa, D., Verrey, F. and Skelly, P.J. (2010) The Tegument of the human parasitic worm Schistosoma mansoni as an excretory organ: The surface Aquaporin SmAQP is a lactate transporter, 5(5). Pinheiro, C.S., Ribeiro, A.P.D., Cardoso, F.C., Martins, V.P., Figueiredo, B.C.P., Assis, N.R.G., Morais, S.B., Caliari, M.V., Loukas, A. and Oliveira, S.C. (2014) A multivalent chimeric vaccine composed of Schistosoma mansoni SmTSP-2 and Sm29 was able to induce protection against infection in mice, Parasite Immunology, 36(7), pp. 303-312. doi: 10.1111/pim.12118. Ahmad, G., Zhang, W., Torben, W., Haskins, C., Diggs, S., Noor, Z., Le, L. and Siddiqui, A.A. (2009) Prime-boost and recombinant protein vaccination strategies using Sm-p80 protects against Schistosoma mansoni infection in the mouse model to levels previously attainable only by the irradiated cercarial vaccine, 105(6). TEIXEIRA de MELO, T., MICHEL de ARAUJO, J., Do VALLE DURÃÆ'ES, F., CALIARI, M.V., OLIVEIRA, S.C., COELHO, P.M.Z. and FONSECA, C.T. 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